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The 16th-century pure law writer de Vitoria examined the questions of the simply warfare, the Spanish authority in the Americas, and the rights of the Native American peoples. On his half, de Vattel argued as a substitute for the equality of states as articulated by 18th-century natural law and instructed that the law of nations was composed of customized and law on the one hand, and pure law on the other. International criminal law units out the definition of worldwide crimes and compels states to prosecute these crimes. While war crimes were Law News prosecuted throughout historical past, this has historically been carried out by national courts. The International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo have been established on the end of World War II to prosecute key actors in Germany and Japan. The jurisdiction of the tribunals was restricted to crimes against peace (based on the Kellogg–Briand Pact), war crimes and crimes towards humanity, establishing new categories of worldwide crime.